Internet radio and broadcast method with discovery settings

ABSTRACT

Data streams are generally selected according to user preferences and transmitted to the user in general alignment with expressed preferences of the user. Such data streams may be music, including music videos. Users may indicate their general or specific preferences with regards to song, artists, or albums. Any other aspects or factors that might affect the user&#39;s preferences can be taken into account. A playlist is created that combines all of these factors. The playlist then serves as the basis for feeding the data streams to the user. Each user is able to express his or her own preferences and receive music corresponding to those preferences on an on-going basis.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of prior, co-pending U.S. applicationSer. No. 14/195,434, filed on Mar. 3, 2014, which is a continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/765,525, now U.S. Pat. No.8,700,795, filed Apr. 22, 2010, which is a Continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/709,234, filed Nov. 9, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No.7,711,838, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/164,846 filed Nov. 10, 1999, the contents of each ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to Internet media data streams and the like, andmore particularly to a copyright-compliant audio/video/radio broadcastsystem over the Internet where each individual user is able to set hisor her preferences regarding works played so as to influence thefrequency such works are broadcast to the user.

2. Description of the Related Art

The rise of the Internet has provided many different channels throughwhich media can be presented to users. RealNetworks' RealMedia, AppleQuickTime, and Windows Media all provide players through which live orpreviously-recorded data streams can be displayed, played hack, orbroadcast to the individual user. Both audio and video are generallyavailable through these programs and provide a higher and moreattractive degree of interactivity with the Internet.

Regular radio broadcasts are based upon a central individual or stationbroadcasting songs, or other audio information, electromagnetically.Different radio stations are separated by their different carrierfrequencies. Amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM)provide two means by which radio broadcast can be effected by atransmitter to a receiver. If an individual wants to affect the songsthat are played by the radio station, he or she may write, call, fax,e-mail, or otherwise transmit their preferences to the radio station.

However, one person's preferred music may not be as appreciated byanother individual. Music can be very personal, often affecting a personat an emotional level. When the radio station broadcasts a song or otheraudio signal, all receivers tuned to the carrier frequency pick up thebroadcast and either enjoy or suffer the broadcast equally.

It would be much more advantageous to allow each individual to influencetheir own set of song playlists. Currently, this is not achievable bywireless broadcast means. However, unique data stream addressingavailable through Internet data processing might provide means by whichan Internet radio could be advantageously affected. Other Internetbroadcasting processes are known, but generally follow the known radiostation format of broadcasting a single song, or data stream, to allusers tuned to the station or channel. In compliance with the DigitalMillennium Copyright Act (DMCA), such a radio would have to comply withstatutory regulations regarding the broadcast of songs and wouldgenerally have to avoid the role of an “on-demand” system, as this mightbe in violation of statutory regulation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a copyright-compliant, broad-based,individually-tailored Internet media broadcast system and method. Thepresent invention provides means by which users may individually rate orindicate music, music videos, or other recorded media that they enjoyhearing from a vast musical or other database. Additionally, such usersmay also indicate the exclusion of music/media that is to theirdistaste. In so doing, the user interaction is limited to thatdecision-making role that is necessary for the user to establish his orher preferences. The Internet radio of the present invention and itsmethod take care of the rest, providing the end user a media or radiochannel tailored to his or her own musical tastes. In this way, thepresent invention can be said to “microcast” or “narrowcast” the contentof personalized songlists to individual listening stations or users. Asthe broadcast uses Internet protocol, each data packet of each datastream has its own individual address, namely, the end-user's datastream player. As the present invention is scalable, thousands, eventens or hundreds of thousands of listeners can be handled by the presentinvention. With the advance of data-transmission technology, tens orhundreds of millions of users may be served by, or given access to, asystem incorporating the present invention, including the delivery ofuser-preferred data streams by wireless communication links.

Mention is made herein of the present invention with respect to musicbroadcast to provide a personalized Internet, or data stream, radio.Note should be taken that use of the term “radio” “music,” and the likeincludes any recorded datastream content, including music videos and thelike.

At the core of the present invention is the playlist generator. It isthe generated songlist that is associated with the user's account andindicates to the system which song is to be played next. Once a song hasbeen selected, it is then streamed as data out to the individual'scomputer (uniquely identified by Internet protocol). As the centralserver of the system can handle a large number of users at any one time,it becomes possible to serve each user with his or her own individualdata stream. In this case, the data stream comprises audio and/or videoinformation and serves to establish a situation similar to each userhaving his or her own individual radio station that he or she programs.The list can be created in advance and stored, or generated, in realtime when needed. Collaborative filtering techniques may be used inconstructing the playlist.

Other applications for the present method may also exist when similarcircumstances are present where a large database of information isavailable that is subject to individual preferences. In a broad sense,the present invention provides means by which individual subsets of anall-encompassing data space may be defined, modified, and preserved,subject to a variety of influences and allowing some serendipitous, orrandom, events to occur.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide individualized datastream programming according to an individual's preference.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide anInternet-based radio or music playing system that is biased according toeach user's preferences.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a means bywhich song playlists may be generated for such an Internet radio.

It is an object of the present invention to provide copyright-compliantmedia streams for Internet and other networked systems broadcast

These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will beapparent from a review of the following specification and accompanyingdrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of the system architecture used to achieveone embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a screen shot showing a computer desktop with the audioplayer and user homepage in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 1C is a screen shot showing a computer desktop with the videoplayer and user homepage in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 shows an initial desktop with two browser windows arising from anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a continuation of a larger window in FIG. 2 in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the smaller player window and the larger data window usedin an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is the smaller player window of FIGS. 2-4 with the artisthighlighted.

FIG. 6 is the player window with the album highlighted in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows the player window with the song highlighted and the tooltip indicating “Skip for now” in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 8 is the player window with the tool tip indicating the reason whythe song is being played in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 9 is the player window showing to the viewer that it is “Updating”its broadcast in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a close up view of the initial LAUNCHcast window of FIG. 2.

FIG. 11 shows the bottom half of a second and different initialLAUNCHcast screen similar to that in FIG. 10 in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 shows the player window with its “RECENT SONGS” tool tip, aswell as the data window displayed in response to selecting the recentsong's hyperlink in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 13 shows a Windows 98 desktop with the smaller player and largerdata windows. The “BUY” tool tip is displayed, as well as the datawindow corresponding to the BUY hyperlink in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 shows the desktop of the player and data windows with the playerwindow showing the “STATION MANAGER” tool tip, as well as the datawindow corresponding to the STATION MANAGER hyperlink in the playerwindow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is the data window show for selecting the “YOUR RATINGS”hyperlink in FIG. 14 in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 16 and 17 show the data window display when selecting the “DJs”hyperlink of FIG. 14 in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show the data window for selecting the “Radio Stations”link of FIG. 14 in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 20 and 21 show the data windows displayed when the “Options”hyperlink is selected in FIG. 14 in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 22 is the data window display when the “Moods” hyperlink of FIG. 14is selected in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 shows the data window displayed when a mood is to be created byselecting the “Create a Mood” link shown in FIG. 22 in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 24 and 25 show the data window display when the “Genres” hyperlinkof FIG. 14 is selected in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 26 and 27 show the data window displayed when the “MySTATION” linkis selected as show at the top of FIG. 26 in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 28-30 show the present invention window displays as background toa “whisper” or instant messaging, function enabling users to sendmessages to one another across the LAUNCHcast system in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 shows an initial data window display upon selecting the “TOP100” link shown above and below the list of songs in FIG. 31 inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 shows an expandable window for video display and chat inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 shows additional examples of a song ratings scheme in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 shows an example of a weight matrix in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 shows an example of a user profile matrix in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 shows a weight matrix in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 37 shows a score matrix in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE APPENDICES

The following appendices are incorporated herein by this referencethereto from U.S. Pat. No. 7,711,838.

Appendix 1 is an excerpted text listing of a playlist generated inconformance with the present invention.

Appendix 2 is a source code listing for one embodiment of the presentinvention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appendeddrawings is intended as a description of presently-preferred embodimentsof the invention and is not intended to represent the only forms inwhich the present invention may be constructed and/or utilized. Thedescription sets forth the functions and the sequence of steps forconstructing and operating the invention in connection with theillustrated embodiments. However, it is to be understood that the sameor equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by differentembodiments that are also intended to be encompassed within the spiritand scope of the invention.

As mentioned above, use of the term “radio,” “music,” and the likeincludes any recorded datastream content, including music, videos,recorded sports events and concerts, and the like.

In FIG. 1A, the general structure of the present system is shown wherethe LAUNCHcast Player provides user feedback and indication of songpreference through Java Servlets and JavaScript code. In one embodiment,a Windows Media Player may provide the interface allowing the audioand/or video broadcast to take place at the user's computer. Other mediaplayers now known or developed in the future may also suffice andoperate to good advantage. Mentioned use of the Windows Media Playersystem is to be considered as indicating any appropriately functioningmedia player. Song or video information is available through both theplayer and the accompanying data window.

Referring now to FIG. 1A, the architecture and system structure of theInternet radio and broadcast method of the present invention is shown inschematic form. The system 100 is generally focused upon the player 102.The player 102 is the component that the user sees and is ultimately thearbiter of the media datastream service provided by the presentinvention. As shown in FIG. 1, the player 102 has a song informationsection 104, a rating tool 106, and a player 108. For this lastcomponent, the player 108 is indicated as being a Windows Media Player.However, other media players can also be used to good advantage in orderto achieve the present invention.

Through its components, the player 102 is linked or associated to anumber of other sources of information and programs, including Java orother servlets. The present invention, when implemented in software, maybe so implemented using Java-family of computer program languages. Aservlet is Java programming that runs as a part of a network service,such as an HTTP server, in response to requests from clients. In thiscase, the client can be considered to be the player 102 while the HTTPserver can be the servers for the database 160 and the media contentlibrary 180.

At a center of the present invention is the player 108. The player 108allows the content to be broadcast to the individual user and serves asmeans by which the user can enjoy such content. In addition to beinglinked to the media database 180, the player 108 is also incommunication with a media gateway servlet 120 and a playlist generatorservlet 122. As discussed in more detail below, these two servletsprovide the player the ability to play streaming media in conformancewith the present invention.

The rating tool 106 is coupled to the database 160 via a rating accepterservlet 130 and a ratings cache servlet 132. As indicated in FIG. 1, therating accepter servlet 130 and ratings cache servlet 132 are also incommunication with one another, as set forth in more detail below.

The song information component 104 of the player 102 may provide linksto other information available through the database 160 or otherwise.For example, the song information tool 104 may provide links to otheruser pages 140, a station manager 142, provided home pages of variousartists 144, as well as links to album pages 146 of such artists orotherwise. Additionally, a central homepage 148 may be present thatallows travel or linking to any or all of available pages or services.

Note should be taken that the database 160 is not necessarily the homefor the media library 180. In fact, according to present technology, itmay be more advantageous to provide some means by which high-speedaccess can be provided to the media library 180. By separating thedatabase 160 from the media library 180 faster and better service may beprovided to users so they may enjoy the content of datastream better.Certain infrastructures may allow for offsite residence of the mediacontained in the media library 180. Pointers or other indicators to suchinformation in an indexed or other form can thereby provide the linknecessary to deliver the preferred or indicated content by the user fromthe media library 180 to that same user.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the database 160 may hold a variety of types ofinformation, including: user data 162, playlists 164, and song data 166.Such information is stored by the database 160 and updated by theservlets as set forth in the present invention, including the user codeset forth in Appendix 2.

In FIG. 1B, the player, or playback, window 102 is shown and is highlyinteractive with several embedded hyperlinks. In the upper right-handcorner of the playback window 102, the indication of “asjordan” is made.By clicking on this link, more information about the current station maybe given and/or the ability to change such station. The user's page 140may be activated and shown upon clicking the username link. In the rightcenter of the playback window, a “RATE IT” window indicator that is therating tool 106 is given, allowing the individual to rate the current“SONG,” the “ARTIST” performing the current song, and/or an “ALBUM”containing the song. Below the “RATE IT” indicator, hyperlinks to“RECENT SONGS,” “BUY,” and “STATION MANAGER” are present allowing theuser to travel to those destinations and either learn more information,purchase or review purchasing information about the current album beingplayed, as well as access the station manager for the present invention.

Below the song information window 104, icons are given for Play/Pause.Skip This Song. Skip This Song and Never Play It Again (“Delete”), and aVolume control. The question mark (“?”) shown below the “SongInformation area” window is a hyperlink to a Help file for the playbackwindow 102 and the Internet Radio system of the present invention. Theseicons are also shown in the other playback window FIGS., such as thatfor the video playback user interface/client 102 shown in FIG. 1C.

FIGS. 1B and 1C show a desktop display of the system 100 in action fromthe user's point of view. A tool lip may be given when the cursor hoversover the song title. The same may be similarly true for the artist andthe album currently playing. Note should be taken that just as the songrating indicator is highlighted and active in the middle right sectionof the playback window, the song title is highlighted in the upperportion of the playback window.

Additionally, the left and center middle portion of the playback windowprovides information regarding fans who have strong positive feelingsabout the present song, artist, and/or album, as well as an averagerating for all users or some subset of users on the system.

FIGS. 1B and 1C show small balloons on the right-hand side of thecentral dark area across from the “Fans.” These balloons may have aletter “W” inside of them to indicate another listener is currentlyonline and can be engaged via the instant messaging (“whisper”)function. FIGS. 1B and 1C also show graphic information that may be usedfor advertising or other hyperlinks. In generating the playlist of thepresent invention, the user can be informed as to why a particular songwas picked.

For other links and presentation of information in the player 102, atool tip may be presented when the cursor hovers over an area. A tooltip is a small window providing succinct information about the itemunder the cursor when the cursor hovers over that item.

When the system 100 is updating and obtaining a new data stream from thesystem for the user, a display may be given to the user to indicateongoing activity of the playback system. Such visual activity in theform of animation assures the listener/viewer that the short span ofsilence, or “dead air.” following a song is only temporary and that anew song will soon play. Generally, in order to promote interactivityand to take advantage of the new media that the Internet provides, thewindows shown in the FIGS. 2 and 3 contain ample internal hyperlinksthat lead to web pages providing information regarding music, artists144, and/or their works 146, web pages regarding other users of thesystem (as DJs or otherwise) 140, and/or web pages regarding the user'scontrol of the system (preferences, etc.) 142.

The default paradigm for the user interface/player 102 is to allow theuser the greatest degree of freedom in expressing preferences and inobtaining that preference information regarding music artists, and theirpublications/albums. In this way, the user's experience is enhanced ashe or she hears more of the music he or she likes. Access to purchasingweb sites is also made available where users may purchase artists'works.

In implementing the present invention in software, the accompanyingsource code (Appendix 2) may be used to achieve the present invention.Such code is subject to copyright protection and is owned by LAUNCHMedia, Inc. of Santa Monica, Calif.

The generation of a proper playlist combining available user ratings anda media database forms an important part of the present invention. Onesuch playlist as generated by the present invention is shown in Appendix1 and is an excerpted form for purposes of explanation. Entries in theplaylist have been removed so that the playlist may better serve theexplanatory purposes herein without undue length or the sacrifice ofsufficient detail.

Playlist generation occurs when a user launches his client player 102. AWindows Media or other player 108 is embedded in the user's clientplayer 102. The player 108 opens a call to the playlist generatorservlet 122 as executed by the PlaylistGeneratorServlet routine(Appendix 2. page 158). The expected output from this HTTP call is anASX playlist file, which in the present invention is list of pointers toa script that reads the actual playlist data object from the database160.

The playlist generator servlet 122 parses the particular parameters forthis ASX playlist as follows:

Object: GeneratorParameters; [0048] userID: (required) the user for whomthe playlist is generated;

djID: (default is userID) the user whose profile will be used togenerate the playlist;

moodID: (default is none) a mood which is a subset of a profile may beindicated and used to alter the preferences in the playlist and underwhich to listen (optional); and [0051] bandwidth: (default is 28.8 k, ifnot read from the user's preferences in the database) the bit rate atwhich the user wishes to listen.

The database 160 with the playlist database 164 is checked for anexisting playlist by PlaylistStatus (Appendix 2, page 192). If aplaylist already exists, it can be used it if all the following are met(and PlaylistStatus.isState( ) returns false):

all of the parameters (userID, djID, etc) match; there are more than 8songs left;

the newRatingsCount (counter of new personalization data since lastrefresh) is less than 15; and

the playlist is less than a week old.

If all these conditions are met, the dates for the last time the userlistened to an ad, news bit, and tip may be reset and the playlist maybe resaved. The ASX file is written out and media player begins toexecute by making requests to the media gateway 120 to play music.

If the old playlist cannot be used, a new one is created with theplaylist generator via PlaylistGenerator.create( ).

The first step is to retrieve the user's preferences viaPlaylistGenerator.getOptions( ). In response the following options arereturned:

unratedQuota: how much new (not rated) music they want hear in theirplaylist. The options here are 90, 80, 70, 50, 40, 30, and 20 percent.The default is 50 percent.

explicit lyrics: Does this user want us to play music with explicitlyrics? True or false.

bandwidth: if the bandwidth is not already specified in the generatorparameters, it is read from stored data. Currently, bandwidth optionsinclude 28.8, 56, and T1/LAN. The default is 28.8 if a valid setting of“none” is found in the database.

A list of all the possible songs available for play (viaPlaylistGenerator.gatherMedia(( ) as well as some other data about thosesongs is obtained. This is generally done using multiple threads runningat the same time for better performance. The list of songs is held inhashtable (as via the Population subroutine (Appendix 2, page 198)).

The database 160 is first called to load a history of all the songsplayed for the user in the last 30 days. This is stored in the databaseas a long string, formatted as: “Date>=<songID>,<Date>=<songID> . . . ”For performance reasons, reading one siring from the database is fasterthan reading potentially several thousand rows individually from thedatabase. Dates older than 30 days are ignored and the last lime a songwas played overwrites previous plays of a song. Each time a song isplayed via the media gateway 120, this siring is appended.

After the history loading is complete, a random integer is picked from 1to 10. If the value is 1, the date and songID siring is recreated andrewritten to the database. This cleans up the string by removal of songsthat were played more than 30 days ago as well as duplicate entries forthe same songID.

The history loads as a thread, and another database call is made to getthe user's, or DJ's, list of subscribed DJs, genres, and radio stations(via PlaylistGenerator.getSubscriptions(( ) for the specific moodrequested. The result of this call is three lists called DJs, genres,and stations.

Once the subscriptions are available, the ratings are obtained viaGetRatings. This is also done in a thread. The song hashtable, anotherhashtable that contains Artist and Album ratings (ItemsProfile), the DJ,and the list of subscribed DJs are all passed to the GetRatings methodroutine.

A retrieval list of users whose ratings are to be retrieved is compiledusing the subscribed DJs and the DJ requesting the playlist. A requestis made to the ratings cache to retrieve all these ratings viaRatingsCache.getRatings( ).

When the playlist generator has all the ratings, it is ready to assemblethem into categorized data structures, based on the properties of eachrating. It iterates through all the ratings and stores them in thefollowing manner. If the ID of the user is the DJ and the rating is 0(an ‘X’ in the end-user interface), the song is added to song hashtable(via Population) as an “Excluded” type, meaning that song should neverbe played. The rating is also added to the average rating for songs bythat artist. If the rating is not 0, the song information cache isimmediately checked via SongInfoCache.gel( )) for data about this song.If the data does not exist in the cache, it is a song that was rated,but is not available for play (as possibly not encoded), and the song isimmediately marked as an “Excluded” song.

If all of the above tests pass, the song is added to the song hashtablewith a type of “Explicit”. The rating for the song is included in thecalculation of this DJ's average rating of songs by the artist.

Each song that is rated by subscribed DJs is added to the songhashtable. The subscribed DJ's rating for the song is included in thecalculation of the subscribed DJs' average rating for this song.

For albums, the ratings profile is obtained from the item ratingprofiles. If a ratings profile for an album does not yet exist, then thedata regarding the album is retrieved and a ratings profile is created.

If the rater is the user requesting the playlist, the rating for thisitem is set to the user's rating. However, if the rater is a subscribedDJ, the rating is added to the DJ's average for this album.

For artists, the rating procedure is the same as for albums, except anyratings made for the artists listed as “Various Artists”, “Soundtrack”,or “Original Soundtrack” are discarded or ignored in the relevantcalculations.

The top 1000 most popular songs (via PlaylistGenerator.getPopular( ) inthe bandwidth type specified may be added to the song candidatehashtable. This popular list is maintained in the song informationcache. Before each song is added to the song hashtable, inspection ismade see if the song is already in the candidate hashtable (perhaps putthere by another query). If so, inspection is made to make sure that thesong is not of type “Excluded”, or the song is discarded. If the song isadded to the song hashtable, it is added under the type “Unrated”.

A maximum of 5000 songs are picked randomly (viaPlaylistGenerator.getRandom( ). Initially, a count is made of the numberof songs contained in each and all of the genres a user has selected(via SongInfoCache.countInGenres( ). Songs may be in multiple genres.The number of songs is then divided by the total number of songs in thesong information cache. If the result is less than 5%, songs are pickeddirectly from a list of songs only in those genres. Otherwise, songs canbe picked randomly from all available songs. This calculation may beperformed to avoid the situation where a user has selected a smallnumber of genres and picking songs randomly will return only a few songsthat are available or allowable for play when considering their genres.

In order to select songs only from selected genres, a determination ismade of the total number of songs to pick (via totalToPick) from thelesser of 5000 and the total number of songs in the selected genres, foreach genre, a copy of the list of songs in that genre is obtained fromthe song information cache (via SongInfoCache.getInGenre( ). The numberof songs to pick from each genre is determined from the followingformula: songs to pick=totalToPick*(number of songs in this genre/totalnumber of songs in the selected genres).

The determined number of songs is picked and attempts are made to addthe songs to the song hashtable with a type of “Unrated.” A song is notadded if it is already in the hashtable.

In order to select from all songs, a song is randomly selected 5000times. Each time, attempts are made to add the song if it is not alreadythere as picked, as described above. Once the process finishes addingrandom songs, all the ratings for the songs are retrieved as are all thedates of when the songs were played for the user. The explicit,implicit, and unrated lists built in the last step are taken and orderedin descending order by score, or rating, using a quicksort or otheralgorithm.

The number of songs to pick from each list is determined. For example,if the size of a playlist is 50 songs, the following may occur. If theuser is listening to his own station, the following formula may be used:if the user's list of explicit and implicit songs is smaller than 100songs, 90% of the songs must be picked from the unrated list to avoidplaying the user's rated songs too much. The user's unrated quota may,then, be set to 90. Otherwise, an unrated quota may be used from theuser's stored options.

Under some circumstances the maximum number of songs available from theexplicit and implicit song lists is calculated as follows:maximumRated=playlistSize*(100−unratedQuota)*0.01.

The maximum number of songs available from the explicit list may becalculated as:MaximumExplicit=number of songs in the explicit list*0.20.

A number of songs to pick from the explicitly-rated list may then be:explicitToPick=playlistSize*(100−unrated quota)*0.01*(number of songs inthe explicit list/sum of explicit and implicit songs)*3);

From this the number of implicit songs is simply:implicitToPick=maximumRated=explicitToPick.

Confirmation can be made to ensure that more explicit songs have notbeen picked than indicated by maximumExplicit and that no more implicitsongs have been picked than those that are in the implicit list. Thenumber of unrated songs is then:playlistSize−(explicitToPick−implicitToPick)

If the user is listening to a station other than his own and the numberof songs in the explicit and implicit list total greater than 200, thenthe following calculations are made:explicitToPick=Minimum(playlistSize*0.50, 20% of explicit songs):andimplicitToPick=Minimum(playlistSize.#of implicit songs)−explicitToPick

If, for some reason, a sufficient and/or playlistSize number of songs isnot obtained from this calculation, a third of the songs is picked fromeach of explicit, implicit and unrated songs with a check to ensure thatnot more than 20% of the songs on the rated and unrated lists arepicked. As a fallback measure if none of the methods above used tocalculate the number of songs to pick worked, the songs are selected asa third of the playlistSize from each list, making sure not to pick morethan 20% of the rated and unrated lists.

A list of albums and artists from and by which songs have been playedfor this user in the last 3 hours is copied or otherwise made availableto the process set forth herein and the songs for this playlist arepicked via PlaylistGenerator.pickSongs( ). A list of all the picksneeded is made (via PickList). For example, if there is a playlist of 50songs, the list may contain 10 entries for explicit songs, 20 forimplicit songs, and 20 for unrated songs.

While there are still songs to pick, iteration is made through thefollowing cycle:

a. randomly pick a song list type (explicit, implicit, unrated) with aprobability based on the proportion of songs to come from each list;

b. pick a random song index from that list (which has already beensorted in descending order of score), based on the following formula(via SongGroup,pickRandom( ):sizeOfList=the number of songs in this list;random=a randomly-chosen number between 0 and (sizeOfList−1)0.01; andindex of song to pick=((rand7)/sizeOfList−1 7)*(sizeOfList−1)).

This formula allows songs to be picked somewhat randomly, whileguaranteeing a high probability that the song picked will come fromhighest scored. The higher the ranking of the song in the score matrix,the higher the probability it will be picked. This algorithm scales wellfor any size of list because it is rank-based, not just score based.

The song at that index is removed from the list. If for some reason avalid song is not obtained (possibly the song list already exhausted),another song is added to the list of types to pick of this type. Once asong is picked, its album and artist information are obtained.

If the artist is not a “Various Artist” and the sum of the number ofsongs played by this artist and already picked for this playlist by thisartist is greater than or equal to 3, this song cannot be played underthe RIAA (Recording Industry Associates of America) and/or DMCA (DigitalMillennium Copyright Act) rules. Other rules may also be implemented inthe present invention to accommodate statutory and other rights and/orrestrictions.

The song is marked as “rejected” and another song is added to the listof songs to pick from the same list the rejected song was picked from.The same test is performed for albums, with the maximum played, forexample, being 2. If the song was picked successfully and was withinlegal or other boundaries, the number of songs picked from this albumand by this artist is incremented. The song is added to the final listof songs for the playlist and the order in which the song was picked forthe playlist is marked, or noted.

If, for some reason, a playlistSize number of songs is not obtained, theexisting playlist is deleted and popular songs are added to the songhashtable, and the song lists are re-sorted and re-picked ignoring theuser's genres selections.

The picking of news clips is done simply by picking a specific number ofunique news items that are in the specified bandwidth format. A list ofavailable news clips is stored in the song information cache. Ads may bepicked in the same way as news clips are picked. However, a differencemay be present in the different number of ads to pick. Tips may also bepicked in the same manner as news clips, with a different number of tipsto pick.

The order of the songs may be randomly shuffled in the playlist and theplaylist may be serialized and saved to the database. Finally, the ASXfile may be returned to the player 108.

Every 5 minutes, the player 102/108 “pings” the Playlist Generator 122.If the playlist is stale or has 8 songs or less left in it, the playlistgenerator regenerates the playlist and replaces the one previously savedin the database.

As an additional enhancement to the present invention, playlists fromcommercial and other radio stations throughout the United States, andelsewhere, are made available so that playlists may be affected by suchradio stations and by popularity of particular musical works.

In achieving the Internet radio of the present invention, a ratingacceptor 130 in the form of the Rating WidgetServlet routine (Appendix2, page 222) takes HTTP requests to rate and gets ratings for songs,albums, and artists. When a rating is saved, it written to the ratingsdatabase and if the user who rated the item is designated as being inthe ratings cache, the rating change is added to the queue of ratingsupdates.

Once every minute, the ratings updates are sent to all the ratingscaches that have registered their IP address in the database. Everyhour, the list of ratings caches are retrieved from the database. Everyten minutes, the list of users in the cache are retrieved from thedatabase.

The song information cache is implemented through the SongInfoCacheroutine (Appendix 2, page 265) and may be a large in-memory cache ofrelatively static data that is used in playlist generation. It mayinclude a list and hashtable of all songs which includes identifyingnumbers, media formats available, average rating, artist and albuminformation, explicit lyrics mark, genres the song is in, and radiostations that play the song. Also, other information may be included inthe song information cache, including: a hashtable of artistinformation; a hashtable of album information; a list and hashtable ofall ads including identifying numbers and media formats available: alist and hashtable of all news clips including identifying numbers andmedia formats available: a list and hashtable of all audio tipsincluding identifying numbers and media formats available: a lists ofthe 1000 most popular songs in each media format; lists of all songs ineach genre; and a cache of frequently-accessed ratings profiles. Thislast cache is seen in the RatingsCache 132 routine (Appendix 2, page211). The song information cache is completely rebuilt once a day fromthe database.

The ratings cache caches the entire ratings profile for the top 100users who are known to be accessed frequently. The ratings cache isimplemented through the RatingsCache routine (Appendix 2, page 211). Onstartup, the ratings cache registers its IP address in the database tosubscribe to ratings updates. These users are typically DJs (users withbroadcasted or subscribed ratings) that have many subscribers, or userswho simply use LAUNCHcast frequently. Each ratings cache recalculatesthe most frequently-accessed users and writes it to the database every 8hours. At that time, the entire cache is discarded and reread from thedatabase to erase any lingering corruption. Each ratings cache checksthe database every 10 minutes for changes in the list of users to becached and updates the ratings cache as appropriate.

Note should be taken that many of the parameters set forth herein arediscretionary and advisory. Consequently, those properly andlegitimately implementing the present invention may alter suchparameters, such as when events occur and event timing as above,according to system operation preferences.

For each user who is not in the ratings cache, their ID is appended to alist of users whose profiles need to be retrieved from the database 160.Users who have been added to the cache recently have their profilesadded to the list of ratings to be returned to the PlaylistGenerator 122routine (Appendix 2, page 158). All non-cached users' ratings areretrieved from the database 160, are appended to the list of ratings,and are returned to the PlaylistGenerator 122. The album and artistratings are retrieved in a separate query from the song ratings. Eachruns in its own thread in parallel for optimal performance.

The media gateway 120 is a Java servlet that brokers the relationshipbetween the end user's (Windows Media) Player 108, the database 106, andmedia library, or Windows Media Server, 180 and logs all media access.The MediaGatewayServlet routine (Appendix 2, page 112) performs thisfunction. Because the client's Windows Media Player playlist (.sax file)does not contain any information about the actual songs or ads in theuser's playlist, the media gateway 120 contains the logic describedbelow to redirect the user's player to the correct media address on themedia library 180.

For security reasons, the media gateway 120 may check to see that theclient 102 is accessing it from the Windows Media Player client 108 (andnot a web browser or other application). If not, it may redirect theuser to an error media file. The media gateway 120 then pulls the user'sID off the query string and retrieves that user's playlist object fromthe database 160. The gateway 120 inspects timestamps in the user'splaylist object that indicate when the user last heard an ad, tip, songor other media item and determines if it is time to insert an ad, tip,or news item in the datastream, or just play the next song.

If the user has not heard an ad, for example, for a pre-defined periodof time, the media gateway 120 resets an ad timestamp and retrieves anad path from the user's ad playlist and passes that MMS (Microsoft MediaServer) redirect instruction/address to the end user's Windows Mediaclient 108. If no ad is available, the process continues and plays thenext song in the user's playlist. If it is not time to play an ad, thetimestamp is checked to see if it is time to play a tip. The processthen follows the same logic, above, for ads to retrieve and play a tip,instead of an ad. If it is not lime to play an ad or tip, the timestampis checked to see if it is time to play a news item. The process thenfollows the same logic as for ads to retrieve and play a news item.

If it is not time to play an ad, tip, news item, or other stream (theusual case), the media gateway 120 retrieves the path of the next songin the playlist and returns that address via an MMS redirect to theclient's Windows Media Player 108. In all cases, the mediaID of the ad,tip, or song played is logged in the database 160 under that user's ID.This logging information is used to display what the user is listeningto on the user's station page and under the “Who's Listening” page.These pages may be associated with the central home page 148 in a mannersimilar to that of the user pages 140 as history data in the playlistgenerator, and in calculating a Top 100 chart for the most popular songsand/or streams.

While there may be some preference for an “on-demand” service such thatindividuals may pick their own radio playlists, the element ofrandomness and pleasant surprise is inherent in the present invention.Additionally, statutory requirements prevent users from turning theInternet into their own home stereo system. “On-demand” service isgenerally prevented by statute and may be a violation of copyright.Consequently, any statutory regulations, such as the Digital MillenniumCopyright Act (DMCA), and other limitations can be programmedautomatically into the present invention. In so doing, the presentinvention complies with all applicable law and delivers to the user amusical experience generally aligned with his or her preferences.

Many users often listen to music while doing programming or the like.Such music can now be delivered over the Internet via the user's veryown radio station through the present invention. Additionally, users mayselect other individuals or DJs, to influence their musical playlistjust as the user does. The DJ, online or otherwise, becomes anadditional factor in influencing the user's preferences and playlist.Some individuals may act as real DJs, serving to provide content to anaudience of subscribers through the Internet. Programs of specialinterest may also be developed and subscribed to by listeners using thepresent invention. Through the heavily hyperlinked (but easilyunderstandable) interlace set forth in the Figures and described above,a user may establish musical (or other data stream) preferences. Inestablishing such preferences, the music played to the listener istailored to that listener and provides an enhanced musical experience onan individual basis.

While the present invention has been described with reference to apreferred embodiment or to particular embodiments, it will be understoodthat various changes and additional variations may be made andequivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departingfrom the scope of the invention or the inventive concept thereof. Inaddition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situationor material to the teachings of the invention without departing from theessential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the inventionnot be limited to particular embodiments disclosed herein for carryingit out, but that the invention includes all embodiments falling withinthe scope of the appended claims.

I. Alternate Embodiments, Group 1

Embodiments of the present invention relate to Internet data streams andthe like, and more particularly to a radio broadcast system over theInternet where each individual user is able to set his or herpreferences regarding, or influencing, the songs played.

As previously discussed, FIG. 1A shows the general structure of theLAUNCHcast system. The player provides the interface allowing theaudio/and or video broadcast to take place at the user's computer. Songor video information is available through both the Player and theaccompanying data window.

FIG. 2 shows an initial desktop with two browser windows arising from anembodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the initial data window205 is shown that first appears when the present invention is invoked orcalled up by the user. In alternative embodiments, the present inventionmay have a shortcut located in the start-up folder that allows thebroadcast to begin every time the user boots up his or her computer.Additionally, a single link may initialize the Player of the presentinvention. As shown in generally the middle of FIG. 2, a thumbnail 210above a “PLAY!” button/hyperlink 215 is shown that initiates the Playerwindow 220 shown to the left of the data window. A song information datawindow 223 indicates its initialization by displaying a “Personalizing”or “Tuning” message.

The playback window 220 is highly interactive with several embeddedhyperlinks. In the upper right-hand corner of the playback window, theindication of “asjordan's Station” 222 is made. By clicking on this,more information about the current station may be given and/or theability to change such station. In the right center of the playbackwindow, a “RATE IT” window indicator 224 is given allowing theindividual to rate the current “SONG” 226, the “ARTIST” 227 performingthe current song, and/or an “ALBUM” 228 containing the song. Below the“RATE IT” indicator, hyperlinks to “RECENT SONGS” 230, “BUY” 232 and“STATION MANAGER” 234 are present allowing the user to travel to thosedestinations and either learn more information, purchase or reviewpurchasing information about the current album being played, as well asaccess the station manager for the present invention.

Below the song information window 223 as shown above, icons are givenfor Play/Pause, Skip this Song, and Never Play It Again (“Delete”), anda Volume control. The question mark (“?”) shown below the“Personalizing” window is a hyperlink to a Help file for the playbackwindow and the Internet Radio System of the present invention. Theseicons are also shown in the other playback window Figures.

The initial data window 205 may include a station manager link,MyStation link, DJs link, Top 100 link, Feedback, and help links A Who'slistening section may show members listening.

Various advertisements may be displayed on initial window 205 and player220 (e.g., AD box). In various figures, including FIG. 2, a W-bubble(whisper bubble) is shown for other members of the system that areonline and available for instant messaging.

FIG. 3 is a continuation of a larger window 205 in FIG. 2. At theleft-side of FIG. 3, a station manager 234 is illustrated that includesa ratings button, DJs button, Genres button, Stations button, Moodsbutton, options button, and a share button. In one embodiment a list ofWho's listening and the music they are listening to is provided. A listof top songs of the system may also be presented.

FIG. 4 shows the smaller player window and the larger data window usedin an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a desktopdisplay of the system in action. A tool tip 405 may be given when thecursor hovers over the song title in song information window 223, suchas showing “You rated this album”. The same may be similarly true forthe artist and the album currently playing. Note should be taken thatjust as the song rating indicators is highlighted and active in themiddle right section of the playback window, the song title ishighlighted in the upper portion of the playback window.

Additionally, the left and center middle portion 410 of the playbackwindow provides information regarding fans who have strong positivefeelings about the current song, artist, and/or album, as well as anaverage rating for all users or some subset of users on the system.

FIG. 5 is the smaller player window of FIGS. 2-4 with the artisthighlighted in the rating indicator 505. FIG. 5 shows the highlightedartist rating indicator corresponding to the highlight of the group inthe work indicator window. Of note are the small balloons 510 on theright-hand side of the central dark area across from the “Fans” 512.These balloons may have a letter “W” (“whisper mode”) inside of them toindicate another listener is currently online and can be engaged via theinstant messaging function.

FIG. 5 also shows the icons given for Play/Pause 520, Skip this Song525, and Never Play It Again 530 (a cross-out mark for “Delete”), and aVolume control 540. The question mark (“?”) 545 shown below the“Personalizing” window is a hyperlink to a Help file for the playbackwindow and the Internet Radio System of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is the player window with the album highlighted. FIG. 6 shows thealbum highlighted both in the ratings indicator and the work displaywindow.

FIG. 7 shows the player window with the song highlighted and the tooltip 710 indicating “Skip for now.” FIG. 7 shows the song highlightedboth in the ratings window and the work display window. The bottomportion of the playback window of FIG. 7 shows graphic information thatmay be used for advertising or other hyperlinks. In generating theplaylist of the present invention, the user can be informed as to why aparticular song was picked.

FIG. 8 illustrates the player window with the tool tip 805 indicatingthe reason why the song is being played. In FIG. 8, a tool tip arisingwhen the cursor is hovering over the “You rated this artist” area givesan indication of why the song is played.

FIG. 9 illustrates the player window showing to the viewer that it is“Updating” its broadcast. FIG. 9 shows a display given to the user toindicate ongoing activity of the playback system while it is updatingand obtaining a new data stream from the system. Visual activity in theform of animation assures the listener/view that the short span ofsilence, or “dead air,” following a song is only temporary and that anew song will soon play. The remaining Figures all show windowsassociated with the present invention that allow for feedback either tosystem or information presented to the individual.

FIG. 10 is a close up view of the initial LAUNCHcast window 205 of FIG.2. FIG. 10 illustrates an example of 22 members listening and what themembers are listening to. The whisper balloon (“W”) is also illustratedby each online member. An artist search window is also provided.

FIG. 11 shows the bottom half of a second and different initialLAUNCHcast screen similar to that in FIG. 10. This examples shows inmore detail a top ten list of song titles in the system.

FIG. 12 shows the player window with its “RECENT SONGS” tool tip 1230(“Review and rate songs you have heard recently”), as well as the datawindow displayed in response to selecting the recent song's hyperlink ofFIG. 2. Additionally, the user's ratings “My Rating” may also be shown.In this example, other information may also be displayed explaining whythe song was picked (e.g., “this song is a random pick”).

FIG. 13 shows a Windows 98 desktop with the smaller player and largerdata windows. The “BUY” tool tip is displayed as well as the data windowcorresponding to the BUY hyperlink. In this example, the user islistening to Madonna's “Ray of Light” on the player and the buy itfeatures bring up information to buy the song/album (top right) and mayalso indicate other albums the user may like to purchase (bottom right).The user interface may also include features to show whether a user ownsan album (“I own it”). In this example, other information such as alisting of tracks on the album may also be provided.

FIG. 14 shows the desktop of the player and data windows with the playerwindow showing the “STATION MANAGER” tool tip 1410 (“Personalize YourLaunchcast stations”), as well as the data window corresponding to theSTATION MANAGER hyperlink in the player window. The Your Ratingsfeatures permits a user to “Review the songs that you've rated highly.”The DJs feature permits a user to: “Subscribe to other LaunchCast usersas your own DJs, so that their ratings would influence the music youhear.” The Radio stations features permits a user to “Select yourfavorite radio stations, so that their playlists influence the music youhear.” An Options features permits a user to “Set your options for newmusic, connection speed, and explicit lyrics filtering.” A Moods featurepermits a user to “Add, delete, and edit your mood profiles.” A Genresfeature permits a user to “Select what genres of music you enjoylistening to.” A Share! Feature permits a user to “Tell the world aboutyour Launchcast station.”

FIG. 15 is the data window show for selecting the “YOUR RATINGS”hyperlink in FIG. 14. In this example, user's hightest rated songs aredisplayed. The display may include titles, artists, and the user'sratings.

FIGS. 16 and 17 show the data window display when selecting the “DJs”hyperlink of FIG. 14. FIG. 16 shows a list of featured DJs that a usercan subscribe to. Additionally, at the top of FIG. 16 is the “MyStation”link A user can find other DJs that share the user's music tastes andsubscribe to them using the checkboxes. A list of featured DJs may bedisplayed (top), DJs the user has subscribed to (middle), and a list ofpopular DJs (bottom). FIG. 17 shows in more detail the bottom of thedisplay window. In this example, the number of subscribers is shown foreach DJ. A play button is provided to play respective stations for eachDJ. A DJ search field may be provided (bottom of FIG. 17).

FIGS. 18 and 19 show the data window for selecting the “Radio Stations”link of FIG. 14. FIG. 18 illustrates that a user can select radiostations they would like to listen to. In response, the systempersonalizes the music by playing more of what's played on thosestations.

FIGS. 20 and 21 show the data windows displayed when the “Options”hyperlink is selected in FIG. 14. In one embodiment a user can selectthe type of Internet connection that they have (top). A user may alsoselect how much new music they would like to discover (bottom). FIG. 21illustrates an option for a user to select whether or not they want tohear music with explicit lyrics.

FIG. 22 is the data window display when the “Moods” hyperlink of FIG. 14is selected. In one embodiment a user may create a mood by selecting asubset of genres, radio-stations, or DJs. FIG. 23 shows the data windowdisplayed when a mood is to be created by selecting the “Create a Mood”link shown in FIG. 22.

FIGS. 24 and 25 show the data window display when the “Genres” hyperlinkof FIG. 14 is selected. FIG. 24 provides an option for the user to telltheir personalized DJ which kinds of music they listen to. Theinformation is used to play similar music on a personalized station. Alink may be provided (bottom) for a user to find other DJs who sharetheir music tastes.

FIGS. 26 and 27 show the data window displayed when the “MySTATION” linkis selected as shown at the top of FIG. 26. In the example of FIG. 26,information on asjordan's station is displayed. This may includeasjordan's DJs, asjordan's subscribers, artists played on asjordan'sstation, the current song being played on the station, and a list ofhighest rated songs on the station.

FIGS. 28-30 show the present invention window displays as background toa “whisper” or instant messaging, function enabling users to sendmessages to one another across the LAUNCHcast system. The left handpanel shows a “whisper” messaging window to send a message to asjordan.The w (whisper) bubble is displayed on the right next to asjordan'sstation. Thus in this example a user can select the whisper bubble forasjodran and then send an instant message to asjordan.

FIG. 31 shows an initial data window display upon selecting the “TOP100” link shown above and below the list of songs in FIG. 31. In thisexample the top 100 are compiled from all Launchcast stations. Thenumber of plays may also be shown. The user may be invited to rate thesong.

Generally, in order to promote interactivity and to take advantage ofthe new media that the Internet provides, the windows shown in theFigures contain ample internal hyperlinks that lead to web pagesproviding information regarding music, artists, and/or their works, webpages regarding other users of the system (as DJs or otherwise), and/orweb pages regarding the user's control of the system (preferences,etc.).

The default paradigm for the user interface/player is to allow the userthe greatest degree of freedom in expressing preferences and inobtaining that preference information regarding music artists, and theirpublications/albums. In this way, the user's experience is enhanced ashe or she hears more of the music he or she likes. Access to purchasingweb sites is also made available where users may purchase artists'works.

As an additional enhancement to the present invention, playlists fromradio stations throughout the United States, and elsewhere, are madeavailable so that playlists may be affected by such radio stations andby popularity of particular musical works (FIGS. 18 and 19).

II. Alternate Embodiments, Group 2

An exemplary list of components is now described in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

A. Rating Acceptor (RatingWidgetServlet)

This servlet takes HTTP requests to rate and get ratings for songs,albums and artists. When a rating is saved, it written to the ratingsdatabase and if the user who rated the item is designated as being inthe ratings cache, the rating change is added to the queue of ratingsupdates.

In one embodiment, once every minute, the ratings updates are sent toall the ratings caches who have registered their IP address in thedatabase. Every hour, the list of ratings caches are retrieved from thedatabase. Every ten minutes, the list of users in the cache areretrieved from the database.

B. Song Information Cache (SongInfoCache)

In one embodiment a song information cache is a large in-memory cache ofrelatively static data that is used in playlist generation. In oneembodiment it includes:

1) A list and hash table of all songs which includes identifyingnumbers, media formats available, average rating, artist and albuminformation, explicit lyrics mark, genres the song is in and radiostations that play the song.

2) A hash table of artist information.

3) A hash table of album information.

4) A list and hash table of all ads including identifying numbers andmedia formats available.

5) A list and hash table of all news clips including identifying numbersand media formats available.

6) A list and hash table of all audio tips including identifying numbersand media formats available.

7) Lists of the 1000 most popular songs in each media format.

8) Lists of all songs in each genre.

9) A cache of frequently-accessed ratings profiles (RatingsCache).

In one embodiment the Song Information Cache is completely rebuilt oncea day from the database.

C Ratings Cache (RatingsCache)

In one embodiment the ratings cache caches the entire ratings profilefor the top 100 users who are known to be accessed frequently. Onstartup, it registers its IP address in the database to subscribe toratings updates. These users are typically DJs that have a lot ofsubscribers or users who simply use LAUNCHcast frequently. Each ratingscache recalculates the most frequently accessed users and writes it tothe database every 8 hours. At that time, the entire cache is disposedand reread from the database to erase any lingering corruption. Eachratings cache checks the database every 10 minutes for changes in thelist of users to be cached and updates the ratings cache as appropriate.

For each user who is not in the ratings cache, their ID is appended tothe list of users whose profiles need to be retrieved from the database.Users who are in the cache just immediately have their profiles added tothe list of ratings to be returned to the PlaylistGenerator. Allnon-cached users' ratings are retrieved from the database, appended tothe list of ratings, and returned to the PlaylistGenerator. The albumand artist ratings are retrieved in a separate query from the songratings. Each runs in its' own thread in parallel for optimalperformance.

D Media gateway (MediaGatewayServlet)

In one embodiment the media gateway is a Java servlet that brokers therelationship between the end user's Windows Media Player, the database,and Windows Media Server and logs all media access. Because the client'sWindows Media Player playlist (.asx file) does not contain anyinformation about the actual songs or ads in the user's playlist, themedia gateway in one embodiment contains the logic described below toredirect the user's player to the correct media address on the WindowsMedia Server:

1. For security reasons, the media gateway checks to see that the clientis accessing it from the Windows Media Player client (and not a webbrowser or other application). If not, it redirects the user to an errormedia file.

2. Next, the media gateway pulls the user's ID off the query string andretrieves that user's playlist object from the database.

3. The gateway looks at timestamps in the playlist object that indicatewhen the user last heard an ad, tip, and song and figures out if it istime to insert an ad, tip, news item, or just play a song.

4. If the user has not heard an ad for a pre-defined period of time, themedia gateway resets the ad timestamp and retrieves an ad path from theuser's ad playlist and passes that mms redirect to the end user'sWindows Media client. If no ad is available, it falls through to playingthe next song in the user's playlist.

5. If it is not time to play an ad, the timestamp is checked to see ifit is time to play a tip, then it follows the same logic as #4 toretrieve and play a tip, instead of an advertisement.

6. If it is not time to play an ad or tip, the timestamp is checked tosee if it is time to play an audio news item, then it follows the samelogic as #4 to retrieve and play an audio news item.

7. If it is not time to play an ad, tip, or news item (the usual case),the media gateway retrieves the path of the next song in the playlistand returns that address via MMS redirect to the client's Windows MediaPlayer.

8. In all cases, the mediaID of the ad, tip, or song played is logged inthe database under that user's ID. This logging information is used:

-   -   a. To display what the user is listening to on the user's        station page and under Who's Listening.    -   b. As history data in the playlist generator.    -   c. In calculation of the LAUNCHcast Top 100 chart.

E Playlist Generation

In one embodiment, when a user launches his player, an embedded WindowsMedia Player opens a call to our PlaylistGenerator Servlet(PlaylistGeneratorServlet). The expected output from this HTTP call isan ASX playlist file, which, in LAUNCHcast is list of pointers to ascript that reads the actual playlist data object from the database.

The Playlist Generator Servlet parses the particular parameters for thisplaylist:

Object: GeneratorParameters.

useriD: (required) the user for whom we're generating this playlist.

DJID: (default is useriD) the user whose profile we will use to generatethis playlist.

moodiD: (default is none) a mood (subset of profile) under which tolisten (optional.

bandwidth: (default is 28.8 k, if not read from the user's preferencesin the database) the bitrate that the user wishes to listen at.

We then check the database for an existing playlist (PlaylistStatus). Ifthere already exists a playlist, we can use it if all the following aremet: (PlaylistStatus.isStale( ))

-   -   a. all the parameters (useriD, DJID, etc) match.    -   b. There are more than 8 songs left.    -   c. The newRatingsCount (counter of new personalization data        since last refresh) is <15.    -   d. The playlist is less than a week old.

If all these are met, we simply reset the dates for the last time theuser listened to an Ad, News bit, and Tip and resave the playlist. TheASX file is written out and Media Player takes off, making requests tothe Media Gateway to play music.

-   -   4. If we cannot reuse an old playlist, we must create a new one        with the PlaylistGenerator (PlaylistGenerator.create( )).    -   5. The first step is to get the user's preferences        (PlaylistGenerator.getOptions( )).

We get the following options:

UnratedQuota: how much new (not rated) music they want hear in theirplaylist. The options here are 90, 80, 70, 50, 40, 30, and 20 percent.The default is 50 percent.

Explicit lyrics: Does this user want us to play music with explicitlyrics? True or False.

Bandwidth: if not already specified in the Generator Parameters, this isread. Current options are 28.8, 56, and T1/Lan. The default is 28.8 if avalid setting is none is found in the database.

-   -   6. Next we need to get a list of all the possible songs we can        play (PlaylistGenerator.gatherMedia( )) as well as some other        data about those songs. This is generally done using multiple        threads running at the same time for better performance. The        list of songs is held in hashtable (Population).    -   a. The first thing we do is call the database to load a history        of all the songs played for the user in the last 30 days. This        is stored in the database as a long string, formatted as such:        <Date>=<songiD>, <Date>=<songiD>, . . . ” for performance        reasons; reading one string from the database is faster than        reading potentially several thousand rows individually from the        database. Dates older than 30 days are ignored and the last time        a song was played overwrites previous plays of a song. Each time        a song is played via the Media Gateway, this string is appended.        After the history loading is complete, a random integer is        picked from 1 to 10. If the value is 1, we recreate the date and        songiD string and rewrite it to the database. This cleans up        songs that were played more than 30 days ago and duplicate        entries for the same songiD.    -   b. As the history loads as a thread, we make another database        call to get the DJ's list of subscribed DJs, genres, and radio        stations (PlaylistGenerator.getSubscriptions( )) for the        specific mood they've requested. The result of this is three        lists (DJs, genres, and stations).    -   c. As soon as we have the subscriptions, we're ready to get        ratings (GetRatings). This is also done in a thread. We pass the        song hashtable, another hashtable that contains Artist and Album        ratings (ItemsProfile), the DJ and the list of DJs to the        GetRatings method. A list of users whose ratings we want to        retrieve is compiled using the subscribed DJs and the DJ        requesting the playlist, and a request is made to the        ratingsCache to retrieve all these ratings        (RatingsCache.getRatings( )). When the PlaylistGenerator has all        the ratings, it is ready to assemble them into categorized data        structures, based on the properties of each rating. It iterates        through all the ratings and stores them as follows:

F Songs:

If the ID of the user is the DJ and the rating is 0 (‘X’ in the end-userinterface), the song is added to song hashtable (Population) with a typeof “Excluded”, meaning it should never be played. The rating is alsoadded to the average rating for songs by that artist.

If the rating is not 0, we immediately check the song information cache(SongInfoCache.get( )) for data about this song. If it does not exist inthe cache, it is a song that was rated, but we do not have available forplay (it's not encoded), it is immediately marked as an “Excluded” song.

If all of the above tests pass, we add the song to the song hashtable,with a type of “Explicit”. We also include the rating in the calculationof this DJ's average rating of songs by the artist.

We add each song that is rated by subscribed DJs to the song hashtableand include the subscribed DJ's rating in the calculation of thesubscribed DJ's average rating for this song.

G Albums:

We get the ratings profile for this album from the item rating profiles.If it doesn't exist yet, retrieve the data and create it.

If the rater is the user requesting the playlist, we set the rating forthis item to the user's rating.

If the rater is a subscribed DJ, we add the rating to the DJ average forthis album.

H Artists:

The same as for albums, except we discard any ratings made for theartists listed as “Various Artists”, “Soundtrack”, or “OriginalSoundtrack”.

-   -   d. We then add the top 1000 most popular songs        (PlaylistGenerator.getPopular( )) in the bandwidth type        specified to the song candidate hashtable. This popular list is        maintained in the song information cache. Before each song is        added to the song hashtable, we check to see if it's already in        the candidate hashtable (put there by another query), and if so,        we check to make sure it shouldn't be “Excluded”, or discard it.        If we add the song, it is added under the type is “Unrated”.    -   e. We add a maximum of 5000 songs picked randomly.        (PlaylistGenerator.getR.andom( )). To do this, we first count        the number of songs contained in each all of the genres a user        has selected (SonginfoCache.countInGenres( )). Songs may be in        multiple genres. We then divide the number of songs by the total        number of songs in the song information cache. If this is less        than 5%, we pick songs directly from a list of songs only in        those genres. Otherwise we can pick randomly from all songs. We        do this calculation to avoid the situation where a user has        selected a small number of genres and picking randomly will        return only a few songs that are allowable to play when        considering their genres.

To select only from selected genres:

Determine the total number of songs to pick (totalToPick) from thelesser of 5000 and the total number of songs in the selected genres.

-   -   For each genre, get a copy of the list of songs in that genre        from the song information cache (SonginfoCache.getInGenre( )).

Determine the number of songs to pick from each genre from this formula:songs to pick=totalToPick*(number of songs in this genre I total numberof songs in the selected genres).

We pick the determined number of songs, and try to add it to the songhash table with a type of “Unrated”. The song is not added if it isalready in the hash table.

To select from all songs we simply select a random song 5000 times. Eachtime, we try to add the song if it is not already there, as describedabove.

-   -   f. Once we're done adding random songs, we wait until all the        ratings are retrieved and we have all the dates of when songs        were played for the user.

8. Now we finally get close to picking songs for the playlist. Firstoff, we take the explicit, implicit, and unrated lists built in the laststep and order them in descending order by score using a quicksortalgorithm.

9. Then we figure out how many songs from each list to pick. As anexample, assume the size of a playlist is 50 songs.

-   -   If the user is listening to their own station, use the following        formula:

If the user's list of explicit and implicit songs is smaller than 100songs, we must pick 90% of the songs from the unrated list to avoidplaying their rated songs too much. Set their unrated quota to 90.Otherwise, use the unrated quota from their options.

The maximum number of songs we can pick from the explicit and implicitlists is: maxiumumRated=playlistSize*(100−unratedQuota)*0.01.

The maximum number of songs we can pick from the explicit list is:maximumExplicit=number of songs in the explicit list*0.20.

The number of songs to pick from the explicitly-rated list is then:explicitToPick=playlistSize*(100−unrated quota)*0.01*(number of songs inthe explicit list I sum of explicit and implicit songs)*3).

The number of implicit songs is simply:implicitToPick=maximumRatedexplicitToPick.

We then check to make sure we haven't picked more explicit songs thanmaximumExplicit and no more implicit songs than are in the implicitlist.

The unrated songs are simply then:playlistSize−(explicitToPick−implicitToPick).

If the user is listening to a station other than their own and thenumber of songs in the explicit and implicit list total greater than200:

explicitToPick=Minimum(playlistSize*0.50, 20% of explicit songs)

implicitToPick=Minimum(playlistSize, #of implicit songs)−explicitToPick.

If for some reason we did not get playlistSize songs from thiscalculation, we pick a third of the songs from each of explicit,implicit and unrated, making sure not to pick more than 20% of the ratedand unrated lists.

As a fallback, if none of the methods above to calculate the number ofsongs to pick worked, we pick a third of the playlistSize from eachlist, making sure not to pick more than 20% of the rated and unratedlists.

10. Copy the list of albums and artist from and by which songs have beenplayed for this user in the last 3 hours.

11. Pick the songs for this playlist. (PlaylistGenerator.pickSongs( ))

First, make a list of all the picks we need to make (PickList). Forexample, if we have a playlist of 50 songs, the list may contain 10entries for explicit songs, 20 for implicit songs, and 20 for unratedsongs.

While there are still songs to pick, iterate through this cycle:

a. randomly pick a song list type (explicit, implicit, unrated) with aprobability based on the proportion of songs to come from each list.

b. pick a random song index from that list (which has already beensorted in descending order of score), based on the following formula(SongGroup.pickRandom( )):

sizeOfList=the number of songs in this listrandom=a randomly-chosen number between 0 and (sizeOfList−1)+0.01 indexof song to pick=((rand A 7)I sizeOfList−1 A 7)*(sizeOfList−1))

This formula allows us to pick songs somewhat randomly, whileguaranteeing a high probability that the song picked will come fromhighest scored. The higher the ranking of the song in the score matrix,the higher the probability it will be picked. This algorithm scales wellfor any size of list because it is rank-based, not just score based.

The song at that index is removed from the list. If for some reason wedo not get a valid song (possibly the song list already exhausted), addanother song to the list of types to pick of this type.

Once we have picked a song, get its album and artist information.

If the artist is not a “Various Artist” and the sum of the number ofsongs played by this artist and already picked for this playlist by thisartist is greater than or equal to 3, we cannot play this song by theRIAA rules. We mark it as “rejected” and add another song to the list ofsongs to pick from the same list this song was picked from.

The same test is performed for albums, with the maximum played being 2.

If the song was picked successfully and was within legal boundaries,increment the number of songs picked from this album and by this artist.Add the song to the final list of songs for the playlist and mark theorder in which this songs was picked for the playlist.

12. If for some reason we did not get playlistSize songs, delete theexisting playlist, add popular songs to the song hashtable, resort thesong lists, and pick, ignoring the user's genres selections.

13. Pick news clips. This is done simply by picking a specific number ofunique news items that are in the specified bandwidth format. A list ofavailable news clips is stored in the song information cache.

14. Pick ads. This is done exactly the same as news, with a differentnumber of ads to pick.

15. Pick tips. This is done exactly the same as news, with a differentnumber of tips to pick.

16. Randomly shuffle the order of the songs in the playlist.

17. Serialize the playlist and save it to the database.

18. Return the ASX file to Windows Media Player.

19. Every 5 minutes, the Flash player “pings” the PlaylistGeneratoragain. If the playlist is stale or has 8 songs or less left in it, itregenerates the playlist and replaces the one previously saved in thedatabase.

III. Alternate Embodiments, Group 3

Additional embodiments and an exemplary user interface specification arenow described.

A. Player UI Specification

Size: In one embodiment the size of the player user interface may bemade small enough that the user can keep it open while using otherapplications.

Browser: In one embodiment no client download is required.

An exemplary player window may include the following feature for anexpandable window for video and chat is illustrated in FIG. 32. Itincludes: an audio section, a video section, a user's window, and a chatwindow. The audio section contains basic player functionality. The videowindow expansion displays video when in a video mode. The user's windowshows who's listening to the same content. The chat window supportstyping and viewing chat. A status bar may illustrate Personalizing yourLaunchcast

In one embodiment, an exemplary set of features of the player includes:

A) Play/pause button

B) Skip song

C) Volume control

D) Prominent rating widget

1) Shows current explicit rating

2) Shows implicit rating (and source) when explicit one not present

3) Shows other songs with same rating value (when user puts mouse over arating value)

4) Graphically shows community popularity (average rating) and ranking,where appropriate

5) Gives rewards when user rates item

E) Current song title (linked to song page)

F) Artist (linked to artist page)

G) Album (linked to album page)

H) Link to fans of the song (ordered by rating and online status)

I) Area to display text tips and factoids

J) Small image advertisement

In one embodiment a [VIDEO>] button appears active when video isavailable. It expands the window and starts video, otherwise it links toa video section

In one embodiment a [CHAT>] button allows a user to open and close chatinterface on community LAUNCHcasts. The button appears active whendigital download is available. It downloads in a separate window,otherwise links to downloads section.

In one embodiment a [RATE MORE] button is linked to a list of more songsto rate.

In one embodiment a [BUY] button is linked to an album/single commercepage.

In one embodiment an [OPTIONS] button is linked to LAUNCHcast options.

In one embodiment a [HELP] button is linked to a player tutorial.

In one embodiment all of the links many open in the same target window.

B. Media Gateway

In one embodiment the Media Gateway is accessed via HTTP and used toplay a song in LaunchCast 2.0. It performs a number of tasks and if allcriteria are met, streams out a media file (audio or video). Thisprogram can be written in TCL for StoryServer or could be a compiledprogram in Java or C++ if performance requires.

Tasks

An exemplary set of tasks for the media gateway is now described.

1. Check cookies for valid Launch login credentials. In the case of anerror, play an audio clip that asks the user to log in.

2. Checks the USER_AGENT HTTP header to make sure a user isn't trying todownload a file with a browser. If the check fails, redirect tohttp://www.launch.com.

3. Write out the HTTP headers including an expires header and MIME typeappropriate for the media.

4. Open the file for reading in binary mode.

5. Select the top 1 song from in the the playlist by ordinal in theplaylist from the database. Delete the row in the database. Look up itsfile name and path. If either of these last two tasks fails, exit.

6. Call the stored procedure OnPiayStart. Close the database connection.Ignore errors.

7. Read the file from disk and write it out as raw data to the client.In the case of an error, exit.

8. When finished, call the stored procedure OnPlayEnd. Ignore errors.

C. Flash Player Interface

As an overview, in one embodiment the LAUNCHcast player comes in twoflavors: HTML and Flash. This section details the communication betweenthe flash player, the HTML page, and Media Player.

Initialization

To start the flash player, the flash player code is embedded in aStoryServer page.

In one embodiment the player will at first display “Personalizing . . .” while the Media Player embedded in the page waits for the PlaylistGenerator to return an ASX file. As soon as the ASX file is available,the Media Player will start playing and send a JavaScript event. Thepage catches this event and calls changeRatee which sets variables inthe active motive and makes a call to update the player. If necessary,the page can also manually change the state of the flash player byputting it in the various modes (playing, paused, stopped).

As play continues, each new song that is played will call changeRateeand change the information displayed in the player.

JavaScript Functions:

An exemplary set of JavaScript Functions is now described.

changeRatee (artistname, album_name, song_name, artislid, album_id,disc_no, track_no). The changeRatee function sets variables on the flashplayer and then tells the player to update. All variables are passed tothe player as their variable names

playerControl (action, message). The playerControl function forcefullychanges the display state of the player. An action can be one of‘playing’, ‘paused’, ‘stopped’, or ‘error’. A message can display aminimum of 20 characters in the player, more depending on thecharacters.

Variables:

An exemplary set of variables is now described. Note that passing avalue of −1 is equivalent to not passing a value at all.

album_id: The ID of the album which the currently playing song is on. Itincludes:

-   -   values: integer    -   init: not passed    -   changeRatee: optional

album_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user clicks onthe album title in the player window. The album_id should be appended toit like this:

-   -   ≦_album_url>?albumID=<album_id>

The album URL includes:

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

artist_id: The ID of the artist of the song which is currently playing

The artist ID includes:

values: integer

init: not passed

changeRatee: optional

artist_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user clickson the album title in the player window. The artist_id should beappended to it like this:

≦artist_url>?artistID=<artist_id>

The artist URL includes:

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

bds_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user clicks on“Your Radio Stations” in the player

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

bds_playlist_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a userclicks on a radio station listed under “Your Radio Stations” in theplayer.

The query string should be appended to like this:

-   -   <bds_playlist_url><bds_id>

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

buy_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user clicks on abuy button. The album_id should be appended to the query string likethis:

-   -   <buy_url>?albumiD=<albumiD>

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

change_station_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a userwants to listen to a different mood or station.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

disc_no: The disc number of the album from which the currently playingsong is on. Used only for retreiving the songiD.

values: single digit

init: not passed

changeRatee: optional

dj_id: Specifies the id of the user station being listened to values:integer

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

dj_name: Specifies the name of the station being listened to values:integer

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

djs_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user clicks on“Your DJ's ratings” in the player.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

fans_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user wants tosee a list of more fans for a song

values:a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

The songiD may be appended to the query string like this:

-   -   <fans_url>?type=4&songiD=<songiD>

help_url: The URL a browser window should open up to when a user clickthe help button on the player.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

init_url: The URL to call to grab player initialization data. For now,this returns only relative ratings data. It returns a series of valueswhere <n> is a unique rating value. Not all rating values between 0 and100 will be returned. &loaded=1 will also be returned.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

rater should be appended to the query string like this:

<init_url>?rater=<rater>

Return value Examples:

-   -   song_rating_song_id<n>—the id of song rated n    -   song_rating_artistid<n>—the id of the artist who performed the        song rated n    -   song_rating_artist_name<n>—the name of the artist who performed        the song rated n    -   song_rating_song_name<n>—the name of the song rated n    -   artist_rating_artist_id<n>—the id of the artist rated n    -   artist_rating_artist_name<n>—the name of the artist rated n    -   album_rating_album_id<n>—the id of the album rated n    -   album_rating_album_name<n>—the name of the album rated n    -   album_rating_artistid<n>—the id of the artist who performed the        album rated n    -   album_rating_artist_name<n>—the name of the artist who performed        the album rated n

launch_url: The URL a browser window should open up to when a usersclicks on the LAUNCH logo on the player.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

manager_url: The URL a browser window should open up to when a usersclicks on the station manager button in the player.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

member_url:

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

The URL a browser window should open up to when a username (fan or djfor example) is clicked on. The useriD must be appended to the querystring like this:

-   -   <member_url>?useriD=<useriD>

mode: Specifies what mode the player is in. This is a placeholderawaiting further specification on different functionality for the modes.

values: “audio” or “video”

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

ping_interval: The number of seconds to wait between making requests tothe ping_uri. If not passed on init, default to 600.

values: integer>0

init: optional

changeRatee: not passed

ping_url: A URL to make a request to at a given interval(ping_interval). The responding page does not need to return any data.Pinging starts after first waiting one ping_interval. If it is notpassed, do not ping.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: optional

changeRatee: not passed

The parameters should be appended to the query string like this:

-   -   <ping_url>?u=<rater>

playlist_review_url: A URL to open a browser window to when the userwishes to review (and rate) songs they have listened to recently.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

ratee: The ID of the song or video we are currently playing. If this isnot passed on changeRatee, the player must use the song_info_url toretrieve it.

values: integer

init: not passed

changeRatee: optional

rater: The ID of a rater (a useriD in this case) and the user who iscurrently using this player.

values: integer

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

rate_url: The URL to use to communicate with the rating servlet forgetting ratings, submitting new ratings, etc.

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

skip_url: The URL to make a request to when the skip button is pressedon the player. This marks this song as skipped in the database. Theparameters should be appended to the query string like this:

<skip_url>?useriD=<rater>?mediaiD=<mediaiD>

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

song_lookup_url: The URL to use to obtain the songiD, rating, and othersong information. The parameters should be appended to the query stringlike this:

<song_lookup_url>?rater=<rater>&volume=<volume>&djiD=<djid>&djName=<dj_name>

values: a valid HTTP URL

init: required

changeRatee: not passed

The volume should be the last volume setting if it has changed since thelast call to song_lookup_url, or −1 otherwise. If −1, the volume willnot be saved.

-   -   It returns the following data:

song_id—the ID of the song requested

song_name—the title of the song

artist_name—the name of the artist who performed this song

artist_id—the ID of artist who performed this song

album_name—the name of the album this song is from

album_id—the ID of the album this song is from

new—indicates if this song is new to LAUNCHcast

popular—indicates if this song is popular among LAUNCHcast DJs

exclusive—indicates if this song is exclusive to LAUNCH

last_played—a string representing the date this song was last played forthis user

fan_id<n>—the useriD of a user who is a fan of this song. If there aremore than a certain number this will be 0, prompting to stop and displaya more button

fan_name<n>—the alias of a user who is a fan of this song. If there aremore than a certain number, this will be . . . more . . . ”, promptingto stop

radio_id<n>—the station ID of a radio station that plays this song

radio_name<n>—the station name of a radio station that plays this song

fan_online<n>—1 if the user is online, 0 otherwise

dj_rating_id<n>—the useriD of a dj who rated this song

dj_rating_name<n>—the name of a user who rated this song

dj_rating_value<n>—the value of the rating a dj gave this song

dj_rating_online<n>—1 if this dj is online, 0 otherwise

image_url—the URL of the image to display for this song

origin—a text description of how this song was put in the playlist

ticker_text—the text to display in the ticker window

song_rating—the rater's current rating of this song

song_rating_type—1 if the song rating is explicit, implicit otherwise

album_rating—the rater's current rating of album this song is on

album_rating_type—1 if the album rating is explicit, implicit otherwise

artist_rating—the rater's current rating of the artist who performedthis song

artist_rating_type—1 of the artist rating is explicit, implicitotherwise

media_id—the mediaiD of this song

-   -   An example return string is as follows:    -   song_id=9806650&song_name=One&artist_name=U2&artist_id=90900&album_name=Zooropa&album_id=8759&new=O&popular=1&exclusive=O&Iast_played=9808655&fan_id1=13302&fan_name1=HitsMan&fan_id2=6474162&fan_name2=boulter&dj_rating_id1=13302&dj_rating_name1=Hitsman&dj_rating_value1=78&dj_rating_id_2=6474162&dj_rating_name2=boulter&dj_rating_(—)        value2=65&image_url=http://www.launch.com/images/87980.jpg&origin=Your+rating+for+this+song    -   song_url: The URL to which a browser window opens when a user        clicks on the song title in the player window. The ratee should        be appended to the query string like this:    -   <song_url>?songID=<ratee>    -   values: a valid HTTP URL init: required changeRatee: not passed    -   If the ratee isn't available, alternative parameters can be        passed:    -   <song_url>?eval=1&album=<album_id>&disc=<disc_no>&track=<track_no>

track_no: The track number of the currently playing song. Used only forretreiving the songID.

values: integer

init: not passed

changeRatee: optional

vol_level: The initial volume level for the player. If not passed oninit, set to 50.

values: real number between 1 and 100

init: optional

changeRatee: not passed

window: The target name of the windows that information not displayed inthe player itself is displayed in. If not specified on init, use‘launchcast_player_info’

values: string of non-zero length

init: optional

changeRatee: not passed

D. Playlist Creator

An embodiment of a playlist creator will now be discussed.

The user's player preferences are retrieved (including audio/videooptions).

The system gets the ratings data.

In one embodiment ratings are scaled from the album and artist 1-7 scaleto a 0-100 scale for songs. This is independent of the interface; we maystill show 1-7 in the song rating widget. This gives us a lot offlexibility for changing the rating scale in the future however. Themapping from the old scale to the new is as follows in FIG. 33. In oneembodiment, the higher the rating, the more often a song will be played.A rating of 0 means the song will never be played again for a particularuser.

If this is the first time a user has used LaunchCast 2.0, their albumand artist ratings are propagated down to song ratings. When LaunchCast2.0 is released, stored procedures will be added to the back end of boththe album and song rating widgets so all those ratings are propagated tosong ratings.

Note that for video playlists, the selection will be among only thosesongs with videos available.

In one embodiment, a data retrieval process for computing scoringinformation for playlist creation includes:

1) Retrieve user's explicit song ratings;

2) Retrieve user's implicit album->song ratings and populate implicitrating matrix, where we don't have an explicit song rating;

3) Retrieve user's implicit artist->song ratings and populate ratingmatrix, where we don't have an explicit song rating or album->songrating;

4) Retrieve average rating from user's DJs for all songs rated by theiradvisors and populate rating matrix;

5) Retrieve and scale user's implicit BDS playlist->song ratings andpopulate rating matrix

6) Retrieve and scale user's venue->artists->song ratings and populaterating matrix (note: we will retrieve a maximum of 50 artists across allvenues, so retrieve 50/venue memberships artists from each venue.) If asong is present in any venue, it receives a score of 100 for theimplicit venue rating

9) Retrieve and scale user's song recommendations from NetPerceptionsand populate rating matrix

10) Retrieve community average rating for all songs in the rating matrixand add to matrix

11) Retrieve last played and scale time since played logarithmically ona scale of 1 to 100.

Referring to FIG. 34, a weight matrix is shown. A score is computed bymultiplying a rating matrix by weight matrix to compute a score. Notethat when MyDJs average doesn't exist, the community average is used asMyDJs average. FIG. 35 illustrates a user profile matrix for a user/DJHitsMan. FIG. 36 shows an associated weight matrix and FIG. 37 shows ascore matrix.

In one embodiment, songs may be sorted by explicit ratings by rating(descending). Additionally, songs may be sorted by implicit ratings byscore (descending). In one embodiment, while songCount<playlistLength,choose songs biased towards top of both lists, based on user's unratedquota proportions

In one embodiment a determination of which songs are put into theplaylist is done with the following formula, with:

f=user determined integer between 1 and 100. The higher the exponent,the more songs are chosen from the top of the list.

Is=number of songs in list

r=random number between 0 and Is (generated each time)

array index of song to pick=(r^f)/(1s^f)*Is

An additional procedure may be used to enforce legal rules for copyrightcompliance (may be different for video). In one embodiment, if theartist of the song chosen has less than 4 songs in this playlist andthere are less than 3 songs from this album in the playlist, remove thesong from the list add it to the playlist. Otherwise, remove this songfrom the list and choose again.

The songs of the playlist may be shuffled and then written to aplaylists table.

In one embodiment, an ASX file is returned with entries as an infiniterepeat of the file streaming URL with the userId and playlistId as aparameters (e.g.http://stream.launch.com/stream.xxx?userid=51066&playlistid=3487)

IV. Alternate Embodiments, Group 4 Example 1

In one example, a method of broadcasting data streams through a computernetwork to a user's computer includes: providing a database of datastreams; selecting a data stream according to a selection method;transmitting one of said data streams to the user's computer; receivingfeedback expressing a preference from the user regarding the transmitteddata stream; and updating said selection method to better reflect thepreference of the user; whereby data streams transmitted to the user arebiased according to the preference.

Example 2

The method of example 1, further comprising: the selection methodincluding generating a list of data streams to transmit to the user'scomputer, transmitting one of the listed data streams to the user'scomputer, and updating the list of data streams to better reflect thepreference of the user, whereby data streams transmitted to the user arebiased according to the preference.

Example 3

The method of example 1, further comprising: receiving feedbackexpressing preferences from sources other than the user.

Example 4

The method of example 3, where the step of receiving preferences fromsources other than the user further comprises: receiving feedbackexpressing preferences from the group consisting of other users,commercial users, commercial radio stations, and lists of popular songs.

Example 5

The method of example 1, further comprising: informing the usergenerally regarding the database and the data streams, querying the useras to data stream preference prior to generating an initial transmissionlist of data streams, whereby the initial list reflects generalpreferences of the user.

Example 6

The method of example 1, wherein the data streams are selected from thegroup consisting of songs and videos.

Example 7

The method of example 1, wherein said transmitted data stream is removedfrom the transmission list.

Example 8

The method of example 7, wherein the data stream removed from thetransmission list is listed on a transmitted data stream list.

Example 9

The method of example 1, wherein the step of transmitting one of thedata streams further includes transmitting one of the data streams inconformance with applicable copyright law.

Example 10

The method of example 9, where the conformance with applicable copyrightlaw applies to all transmitted datastreams.

Example 11

A data stream system for providing data streams to a user, including: aconnection to a computer network; the computer network connected to acomputer of the user; a database of data streams, the database availableto the computer network; a data stream controller, the data streamcontroller transmitting data streams to the user's computer according toa selection program; a user interface, the user interface coupled to theuser's computer and receiving the data streams for the user andproviding a feedback mechanism for the user so that the user mayindicate a preference regarding data streams transmitted by the datastream controller; the selection program receiving indications from theuser, the selection program modifying its selection of data streams fortransmission to the user's computer according to the user's preference;whereby data streams selected by the selection program are biasedaccording to the user preference.

Example 12

The system of example 11, wherein the computer network comprises theInternet.

Example 13

The system of example 12, wherein the database is a song database andthe data streams are songs.

Example 14

The system of example 11, wherein the database is a music video databaseand the data streams are music videos.

Example 15

The system of example 11, wherein the user interface comprises anelectronic media player.

Example 16

The system of example 15, wherein the electronic media player isselected from the group consisting of RealPlayer, Apple QuickTime, andWindows Media Player.

Example 17

The system of example 11, wherein the selection program creates a listof data streams for transmission to the user.

Example 18

The system of example 17, wherein the selection program modifies thelist of data streams for transmission to the user according to the userpreference.

Example 19

The system of example 11, further comprising: the data stream controllertransmitting the data streams in compliance with copyright law.

Example 20

The example of claim 19, further comprising: the data stream controllertransmitting all data streams in compliance with applicable copyrightlaw.

Example 21

A user interface for an Internet datastream transmission system,including: a media player for playing data streams; a rating tool, therating tool indicating a rating for a data stream currently played bythe media player; and a data stream information display, the data streaminformation display displaying information for the data stream currentlyplayed by the media player; whereby a user can indicate a preferenceregarding the data stream currently played by the media player.

Example 22

The user interface of example 21, further comprising: a playlistgenerator, the playlist generator generating playlists of data streamsfor the media player, the playlist generator selecting data streamsaccording to preferences indicated by the user.

Example 23

The user interface of example 22, further comprising: the data streamsselected by the playlist generator being in compliance with applicablecopyright law.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of providing an Internet Radio Service,comprising: receiving at least one musical preference of a userindicative of musical tastes of the user; receiving a discoverypreference of the user indicative of a preferred mixture of new musicand music generated based on the at least one musical preference of theuser, wherein the discovery preference is selected by the user from atleast two discovery preferences including a first discovery preferenceto increase the discovery of new music and a second discovery preferenceto decrease the discovery of new music; generating a personalizedInternet radio station for broadcast via a computer network to a user ofa plurality of users, the generating of the personalized Internet radiostation being based on the at least one musical preference and thediscovery preference, including automatically adapting over time thesongs generated by the personalized Internet radio station by using thediscovery preference as a factor to adjust a rate at which new music isdiscovered for the user; and transmitting a data stream, by at least oneserver computer, providing access to songs of the personalized Internetradio station to a client device of the user.
 2. The method of claim 1,further comprising providing a user interface for the user to enter thefirst discovery preference to increase the discovery of new music andthe second discovery preference to decrease the discovery of new music.3. The method of claim 1, further comprising automatically adapting overtime the songs generated by the personalized Internet radio station toinclude at least a fraction of the songs to be outside of the at leastone musical preference to introduce an element of variety to thepersonalized Internet radio station.
 4. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising receiving a user input selecting at least one communityInternet radio station to follow to form a set of stations followed bythe user and utilizing attributes of the followed stations to discovernew music for the user.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the discoverypreference is selected by the user from at least three music discoverychoices corresponding to a range of music discovery.
 6. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising utilizing at least one of artist ratings,album ratings, and song ratings of the user to discover new music. 7.The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying a community ofother users having personalized internet radio stations, generating acommunity score for individual songs, and utilizing the community scoreto discover new songs.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at leastone musical preference of the user comprises a musical genre preference.9. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one server computercomprises at least one of a media server, a HTTP server, a centralserver, and a streaming server.
 10. A method of providing an Internetradio service, comprising: providing a user interface for a user toenter at least one musical preference of the user; providing a userinterface for the user to enter a discovery preference for a preferredmixture of music including music based on the at least one musicalpreference and new music, wherein the discovery preference is selectedfrom at least two different discovery preferences including a firstdiscovery preference to increase the discovery of new songs notpreviously rated by the user and a second discovery preference todecrease the discovery of new songs not previously rated by the user;generating a personalized Internet radio station based on thecombination of the at least one musical preference of the user and thediscovery preference, wherein the selected discovery preference isutilized as factor to automatically determine a rate at which new musicis introduced into a playlist of the personalized Internet radiostation; and transmitting a data stream, by at least one servercomputer, providing access to songs of the personalized Internet radiostation to a client device of the user.
 11. The method of claim 10,wherein the at least one musical preference of the user comprises atleast one of a musical genre and song ratings.
 12. The method of claim11 further comprising a user interface for the user to subscribe toother personalized Internet radio stations in a community of users,wherein the preferences of the subscribed stations are utilized todiscover new music for the user.
 13. The method of claim 10, furthercomprising utilizing album ratings of the user to discover new music.14. The method of claim 10, further comprising utilizing artist ratingsof the user to discover new music.
 15. The method of claim 10, furthercomprising utilizing a set of subscribed radio stations to discover newmusic for the individualized song playlist.
 16. The method of claim 10,wherein the discovery preference corresponds to an increase in musicalvariety.
 17. The method of claim 10, further comprising providing a userinterface for the user to identify a community of other users havingpersonalized internet radio stations, generating a community score forindividual songs, and utilizing the community score to discover newsongs for the user.
 18. A method of providing an Internet Radio Service,comprising: receiving at least one musical preference of a userindicative of musical tastes of the user; receiving a discoverypreference of the user indicative of a preferred mixture of new musicand music generated based on the at least one musical preference of theuser, wherein the discovery preference is selected by the user from atleast two discovery preferences including a first discovery preferenceto increase the discovery of new music and a second discovery preferenceto decrease the discovery of new music; generating a personalizedInternet radio station for broadcast via a computer network to a user ofa plurality of users, the generating of the personalized Internet radiostation being based on the at least one musical preference, feedback ofthe user, and the discovery preference, including automatically adaptingover time the songs generated by the personalized internet radio stationby: 1) receiving user feedback from the user for songs played on thepersonalized internet radio station and in response adjusting theselection of songs to reflect musical preferences implied by the userfeedback; and 2) further adjusting the selection of songs to include anelement of variety by using the discovery preference as a factor toadjust a rate at which new music is discovered for the user; andtransmitting a data stream, by at least one server computer, providingaccess to songs of the personalized Internet radio station to a clientdevice of the user.
 19. The method of claim 18, further comprisingutilizing album ratings of the user to discover new songs.
 20. Themethod of claim 18, further comprising utilizing artist ratings of theuser to discover new songs.
 21. The method of claim 18, furthercomprising utilizing preferences associated with the set of radiostations subscribed to by the user as an additional source ofinformation to discover new songs for the user.
 22. The method of claim18, wherein a rating is inferred for a new song not previously rated bythe user by generating an implied rating from the at least one musicalpreference of the user and preferences associated with at least onecommunity Internet radio station that the user is subscribed to.
 23. Themethod of claim 18, further comprising providing a user interface forthe user to indicate at least one musical preference selected from thegroup consisting of album preferences, artist preferences, and songpreferences.
 24. The method of claim 18, further comprisingautomatically adapting over time the songs generated by the personalizedInternet radio station to include at least a fraction of the songs to beoutside of the at least one musical preference to introduce an elementof variety to the personalized Internet radio station.
 25. A method ofproviding an Internet radio service, comprising: generating, by at leastone computer server, a personalized Internet radio station based on atleast one musical preference of the user; transmitting a data stream, byat least one server computer, providing access to songs of thepersonalized Internet radio station to a client device of the user; andadapting, over time, the songs played by the personalized Internet radiostation, including: receiving user feedback from the user for songsplayed on the personalized internet radio station in the form of songratings for songs played on the personalized Internet radio station;adjusting the selection of songs based on the user feedback and on adiscovery preference of the user, wherein the discovery preference isused as a factor to adjust a rate at which new music is discovered forthe user; and wherein the discovery preference is user selectable fromat least two discovery preference options including a first discoverypreference to increase the discovery of new music with respect to adefault setting and a second discovery preference to decrease thediscovery of new music with respect to the default setting.
 26. Themethod of claim 25, further comprising including at least one rule toautomatically discover at least some songs outside of the at least onemusical preference of the user to add an element of variety to thepersonalized Internet radio station.
 27. The method of claim 25, furthercomprising utilizing artist ratings of the user to discover new music.28. The method of claim 25, further comprising at least one rule toutilize preferences of a community of users as an additional factor toautomatically discover new music for the user.